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Backend Developer Roadmap
Step-by-step guide to building robust server-side applications.
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Phase 1: Backend Fundamentals & Networking
Core concepts of networking and backend logic.
Client-Server ArchitectureTCP (3-Way Handshake) vs UDP ProtocolsUnderstanding HTTP vs HTTPS (SSL/TLS Encryption)Proxy, Reverse Proxy, and VPNsStarting with Node.js & NPMDifferent Architectures (MVC and SOA)
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Phase 2: Express.js & Core Web Server
Learn to build your own API servers.
Setting Up Express Server & RoutingTemplate Engine (EJS)Middleware in Express.jsHandling Files (Multer, Cloudinary)Error Handling in Express
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Phase 3: Databases & Security Validation
Store, retrieve, and manage data efficiently and securely.
Relational vs Non-Relational DatabasesMongoDB Basics, Mongoose & RelationshipsAPI Development (REST) & VersioningDatabase Optimization (Indexing, Aggregation Pipeline)Input Validation (express-validator, Zod)Sanitization & Proper Error Formatting
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Phase 4: Advanced Security, Auth & Real-Time
Secure your APIs and handle live communication.
Difference Between Authentication & AuthorizationImplementing JWT Authentication & Cookie SessionsSecuring Passwords (bcrypt, hashing, salt)Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) & OAuthPreventing XSS, CSRF, and DOS AttacksRate Limiting APIs & Information DisclosureWebSockets and socket.ioCaching (Local and Redis)
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Phase 5: DSA & Problem Solving
Master algorithms for technical interviews.
Time and Space Complexity (Big-O)Advanced Array ProblemsHashing (Set and Map) in JSLinked Lists, Stacks & QueuesTrees (Binary Search Trees)
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